Consideration On Modern Anthropocentrism In Ethics

Since the human society entered the 20th century, with industrial civilization quickening of process, the mankind knows and transforms natural ability receive unprecedented improvement, But under the guide of some one-sided values, the mankind adopts the development of the robing type to the natural resources, thus caused a series of bad consequences : The species becomes extinct, resources are exhausted, the cultivated land is desertificaetd, ozone layer destroy, greenhouse effects, pollution of interstellar space ,etc. environmental questions become human serious problem that affect mankind's survival and development. In the face of the severe environmental question day by day, the academia have launched the fierce discussions on the anthropocentrism, and roughly formed two groups of" anthropocentrism "and "non-anthropocentrism". I think we can't affirm or deny " anthropocentrism " without analysing, otherwise will cause confusion in theory , bring danger in practice; " coming into the anthropocentrism " does not defend tenaciously " the traditional anthropocentrism " , but should be on the premise of adhering to basic concept of " traditional anthropocentrism ", base on the contemporary serious ecological problem day by day and " human survival predicament ", maintain that carries on dialectical sublation to some views of " traditional anthropocentrism", receive some rational compositions of "non-anthropocentrism" at the same time, thus construct a kind of rational form that is "modern anthropocentrism ". The rational "modern anthropocentrism" was not only different from the Bryan G. Norton's" weak anthropocentrism ", but also different from the William H. Murdy's modern anthropocentrism". It is a kind of integration of the above two kinds of forms : The ones that think it is the life organism except the mankind and the system of organizing have inherent value, the other is that the natural thing except life organism is only changing value such as water , atmosphere , soil ,etc. Emphasize preferential positions and purpose positions that the mankind is in the natural ecosystem; Emphasize that mankind's whole interests is the basic measure of value that is used to dealt with the relation of the people and the natural thing of outside , the people and the outside natural environment, on the basis of safeguarding mankind's whole interests , should seek one fairness between people and people , harmony between people and natural ; Emphasize that the mankind should protect naturally too while transforming nature , because the natural thing not merely has inherent value or changing value, but also has corresponding "instrument value ",that is the foundations of human survive and development.。"Modern anthropocentrism" should include the following theory intension as a value proposition of science: 1, According to subject form of "modern anthropocentrism ", it has two basic regulations. On one hand, in the relation of people and nature, regard people as the centre, namely rely mainly on people. On the other hand, in relation between people and people, regard human whole interests as the centre. 2, Which is seen to define the human entity from "modern anthropocentrism" in science, coming to understand people's entity from practice of the subject and target activity. People's entity has two respects: (1) Transform nature, with destroying it; (2) Protect nature with compensating for it. "modern anthropocentrism" is regarded as a kind of rational form of the anthropocentrism, there are essential differences with" modern anthropocentrism of reason " in value, it has some own characteristics. Its essence is regard human whole interests as the basic measure of value mankind deal with the relation between people and natural ecological environment, as the starting point and home of ecological ethics. Human whole interests are the ultimate value, "modern anthropocentrism" as a thread runs through it all.In front of the severe ecological environment, the mankind begins to be awaken by oneself; In order to realize h...