How To Build Chinese Service-oriented Government In The Background Of The New Public Management

In the development of human civilization, the exploration of effective governance model has never stopped. In the long river of human civilization, the 20th century is destined to become an extraordinary century, not only the two world wars reshape the human society's whole pattern, but also 70s'crisis contributed a major revolutionary values change in governance model. Political economy model which is "market economy system+democratic political system+bureaucratic administrative system" based on political revolution, administrative reform and industrial revolution of the seventeenth century faces a major challenge, promoted major changes in public governance model and significant development in public management theory. Building service-oriented government's origin should be Reinventing Government theory in new public management theory. With the growing number of functions and expansion of executive authority in western countries'government, there have been many problems in public sector, which affected the image of the government, leading to lack of confidence in government. In order to solve these problems, reinvent government's image, a profound and extensive wave of administrative reforms in these countries came into being. The wave tries to break the traditional theory of reform and management models, find a new fundamental theory of government management or direction of the adjustment, known as the "new public management." After 20 years of sustained reforms, we can sum up the reform guiding principles of public administration in western countries:citizen-oriented, market-oriented, results-oriented, decentralized collaboration, democratic participation, efficient innovation. The combination of these principles and concepts demonstrated a new mode of governance, and service-oriented government emerges.With the deepening of China's reform and opening up, building service-oriented government is also an important agenda in China. February 21,2004, Premier Wen Jiabao stressed that:"In the socialist market economy, the government's main function is economic regulation, market supervision, social management and public services. To implement the scientific concept of development, we must accelerate the transformation of government functions, comprehensive and properly execute their functions." Public service, "is to provide public goods and services, including the strengthening of urban and rural public facilities, develope social employment, social security services and education, science and technology, culture, health, sports and other public utilities, publish public information, create conditions for community participation in public life and socio-economic, political, and cultural activities, strive for service-oriented government."This is Premier Wen Jiabao's first official presentation of government reform, service-oriented government building had begun.Building Service-oriented government in China is a new task which started in clean-up of administrative examination and approval. Building Service-oriented government is around addressing the relationships of government and society, market, business, establish new role and functions of government based on clarifying all relationships, then determine the functions and configuration of government agencies according to various needs of government functions. Among them, the key is to enhance the capacity of government services, all levels of government also establish the responsibility system of administrative services. From overlook initiatives of the building service-oriented government, it has achieved some results which the government provides more extensive community and public service, service concept and attitude is closer to the people, and service delivery and method is also more open, simple, fast and up. However, due to service-oriented government theoretical exploration is not enough, awareness of the concept content and basic thoughts of service-oriented government is vague, theorists do not have consistent view, building service-oriented government also lacks of the guidance of scientific theory, practice of service-oriented government belong to the "trial and error" stage. It has simplistic tendency or rely everything on service-oriented government. Therefore, it needs to strengthen our party and government's governing capability in accordance with requirements, practice consciously and boldly, also we need to constantly explore and summary theory. Of course, we need to broaden horizons, learn from the successful experience of western countries which provide theoretical references to build service-oriented government in China.