A Study On Employment Of Intellectually Disabled People In Shanghai

Employment is the main way for People with disability to improving the living conditions,social status, and realizing their values, also is an important symbol of economic development and social civilization of every country, therefore the employment of the people with disability attracted worldwide attentions.Resolving the employment of the people with disability is so difficult, which more difficult for Intellectually Disabled (ID) People by reason of poor intellect function,social adaption and the prejudice from the people. For improving the social inclusion and placement of ID people, since 2005, the Shanghai Municipal Government established "Sunshine Homes" for ID people, which were praised widely, but the development is facing severe challenges, the employment of ID people is the most one, so that needs breakthrough on the study of theories and policies.Part I The review of the theories and policies related with employment of people with disability. Humanitarianism is the banner of undertaking of people with disability, also is the basic value of researching the employment of people with disability; the theory of Social Model of Disability shows the basic ideas of researchers in the disability issue; Social Exclusion is the main reason for the difficulties in employment of ID people; the establishment of the Social Support system can improve the employment situation; Informal Employment and Community Employment can be the alternatives for expanding the ways of employment for ID people. Based on the employment form and polices which are the embodiment of the rights and polices of employment for people with disability over the world, so the researcher also focus on it in Part I,Part II and Part III.Part II The report of the Questionnaire and Interview Survey. The results of Questionnaire Survey shows: the Subjects consider Employment is very important to the ID people and give the high appraisement to the ID people's capability; recently the concentrative employment and dispersed employment is the most employment form, but the mild ID people are more likely adapt to the dispersed employment ,they don't adapt to the self-employment; the employment ratio and level of wag is too, the Subjects give high appraisement to the efforts from the government, but they don't agree that the government department place actively the ID people in their department and buy the products of the "Sunshine Homes". The results of Interview Survey shows: the employment of the ID people focus on the third industry, the level of position and way is also too low, some mild ID people like to work far from community, their work is not stable; the concentrative employment and dispersed employment is the most employment form, but the mild ID people are more likely to choose the dispersed employment; the ID people rarely gained the employment supports.Part III Researcher put forward suggestions. Based on analyzing the theory of Social Exclusion and Social Support, analyze the employment of the ID people in Shanghai and bring forward the countermeasures and suggestions from the Macro, Micro and Mid-scale views and characteristics of employment,employment form,employment support, finally establish the employment support system for the ID people.