Analysis And Research On The Characteristics Of Universities Of Applied Science (FH) In Germany

It has been well acknowledged that China is a "big manufacturing country" in terms of volume of products, but still far from being a "powerful manufacturing county". This requires not only lots of high-skilled workers but also a large number of technologists and engineers to become a "manufacturing center in the world". On the other hand, with the trend of popularization of higher education, higher vocational and technical education becomes a major force from periphery to the centre. " The newly-founded institutes"* are established under such circumstances. To maintain the characteristics and achieved diversified development, some institutes target at cultivation of high-level personnel on applied technology in order to cater for the markets needs and implement technology-based undergraduate education. More attention should be paid to the problems such as unclear orientation, lack of distinguished feature on specialized subject and outmoded talents'training system, all above problems heavily restrained some institutes from further development.FH (University of Applied Sciences) stands for higher vocational and technical education in Germany, has made remarkable achievements in the last 40 years, formed a more scientific train of thoughts and more mature teaching model in running, cultivated a large number of senior engineering and technical talents,, honored as the "institutes of higher learning in modern industrial society" by the German Science Advisory Committee. The study take the German FH as research subject, comprehensively use literature analysis, comparative research and case study, systematically analyze and explore the characteristics of FH to save the experiences as reference in the development of "newly-founded institutes".The thesis is composed of four chapters:Chapter One is the introduction. It describes the background of the thesis, summary of academic documents domestic and abroad, propose research thoughts, approaches and frame of study.Chapter Two is about process of development and characteristics of the FH. The thesis describes historical development and running model of FH. Next, take the Mechanics & Electronics Specialty as an example to illustrate the characteristics of the FH.Chapter Three is the development of "Newly-founded four-year institutes" in our country. Firstly, it briefs the background. Secondly, it describes the important roles of "Newly-founded four-year institutes" in higher education. Thirdly, it analyzes the problems that exist in "Newly-founded four-year institutes".Chapter Four is the distinguishing route for Newly-founded four-year institutes, that is developing technical education at undergraduate level. Based on the systematical analysis on the characteristics, special contents, advanced experiences and philosophy in the German University of Applied Sciences (FH), It analyzes the current situation of some related specialty in Newly-founded four-year institutes and comparatively analyzes the characteristics between the German University of Applied Sciences (FH) and Newly-founded four-year institutes in China to explore the developmental route of specialty in Newly-founded four-year institutes.*Background:There has been certain amount of "Three-Year Junior Colleges" approved to upgrade to Four-Year Institutes (for undergraduates) as of Year 2000. They are defined as "Newly-founded Four-Year Institute" in the thesis.