Super-Ministry System Reform

Super-Ministry System reform is not only a necessary stage of the reform of our system of administrative management and reform of government institutions, but also a big problem in reform. With the methods of literature research, case study,empirical research and comparative study, the author discusses theories and background of Super-Ministry System, draws on international experience in Super-Ministry System reform, analyses the effectiveness and problems of Super-Ministry System reform in our country and recommends suggestions of deepen Super-Ministry System reform in the thesis. All of above are hope to make some contributions to make reference to administrative system and government institutional reform.Super-Ministry System has its own theory sources and practical background. The main theory sources of Super-Ministry System reform are as follows:John Mill’s Government Thought, Henri Fayol’s Organizational Theory, Seamless Government Theory, Joined Up Government Theory and whole of Government Theory. The practical background, is to organize the inherent requirements of their own development and external developments and changes in administrative environment. Super-Ministry System reform is the very demand of which to response to the growing complexity of contemporary public affairs, deal with the conflict of specialization and overall’coordination, ease the contradiction between decentralization and unified leadership and resolve conflict between departmental interests and public interests. Rapid development of modern information technology has provided strong support for Super-Ministry System reform.Super-Ministry System reform is a common trend of government institutional reform of contemporary western developed countries. The reform experience of UK,U.S., Japan, Australia and other countries has shown that compared to traditional government organization set mode, Super-Ministry System has distinctive features. These characteristics are mainly due to:on duties form the implementation of organic integration of the same functions, similar functions, closely related to functions; authority to implement administrative rights on the relative concentration and reasonable decentralization; running on the implementation of relative separation of decision-making and executive functions; organizational relationships between departments on the implementation of effective coordination and collaboration.After reform and opening up, our government conducted six major political reforms to meet the needs of economic reform. Super-Ministry System which can transform government functions, optimize government agencies, form and implement functional organic unity becomes the direction of institutional reform. Reform of Ministry of Commerce and Ministry of Industry and Information Technology are important components and witness of our country’s Super-Ministry System reform. Reform process of these two ministries reflects the idea that China is committed to building a modern administrative system.In recent years, Super-Ministry System reform has achieved very clear stage effectiveness. In business management, industrial and information technology, human resources and social security, environmental protection, housing and urban construction, transportation and other areas, Super-Ministry System reform is actively promoted and functions of relevant institutions are effectively integrated. Institutions of the same or similar functions have been effectively integrated, in which overlapping responsibilities have been reduced and transaction and coordination costs between departments have been reduced. Overall operation function of government has been improved. The integration of some government "window departments" leads to improvement of service quality and efficiency, which is highly thought of by the people and enterprises. The main effectiveness of Super-Ministry System reform of Ministry of Commerce and Ministry of Industry and Information Technology can be listed as follow: strengthening the government’s macro-management and strategic management; straightening out relations between departments, functions and inter sector coordination significantly reduced; establishing companies as market players and promoting the separation of government and enterprise; fundamentally promoting a unified, open and orderly modern market system development and making important progress in forming the integration of information technology and industrialization; improving public services. The implementation of Super-Ministry System strengthens the government’s macro-management and strategic management, promoting the transformation of government functions and propelling the economic and social development in related fields.At present Super-Ministry System reform still faces many difficulties and tries to explore the reform rules. These difficulties and problems are as follows. Overall, there are still too many and small government institutions and Super-Ministry System still hasn’t been implemented in some needing fields. Super-Ministry System reform is confined to simple merging and transfer of institutions and functions, which is not so closely integrated with the reform of transformation of government functions. The rights of decision-making, execution and supervision are not reasonably distributed which lead to the too concentrated department power. Integration of Super-Ministry is not enough including too much forum integration, which leads to the increase of the internal operating coasts. Specifications of the various government departments with the same structure system and unclear positioning is not conducive to the formation of distinct collaborative relationships.Super-Ministry System reform is not only integration of institutions and functions, but also a complicated re-engineering process of government. It’s important to design the top and plan for all parts to make Super-Ministry System reform as a complete system. There are some suggestions as follow. First, Super-Ministry System reform should build service-oriented government which satisfies people. Second, Super-Ministry System reform should promote the transformation of government functions. Third, Super-Ministry System reform should close with the optimization the organizational structure of government. Fourth, fields of Super-Ministry System reform should be expanded. Firth, foundation of Super-Ministry should prominent the management emphasis, and strengthen the core functions. Sixth, operating mechanism in Super-Ministry should be optimized. Seventh, supervision of Super-Ministry should be strengthened. Eighth, organizational culture of Super-Ministry with Chinese characteristics should be cultivated. Ninth, Super-Ministry system reform must combine national circumstances with foreign experiences.In conclusion, the Chinese government is committed to actively seeking localization, rationalization and scientific of Super-Ministry System, according to the requirements of building a moderately prosperous society and establishing a sound administrative system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, based on Chinese special administrative ecology, with an open mind and heart towards international experience, by comparison, identification, selective absorption, enriching and developing China characteristics of public administration theory and practice. This is the right choice of China’s Super-Ministry System reform.