The Research Of Community Resilience Of Disasters

In recent years,disasters break out in various forms in social life,causing immeasurable loss to people’s lives and property. Community as a grass-roots social organizations and a settlement for population, is located in the forefront of risk, become the impact of the first line of defense against disasters.Therefore, the research on the anti disaster ability of the community gradually caught the attention of academic circles.Foreign academic circles defines the anti disaster ability as community resilience.The researchers pay special attention to people in the community resilience process, emphasizing the impact of the disaster of collective behavior and the ability to organize community groups to enhance community resilience.In addition,some scholars believe that in order to reduce the loss caused by the disasters,we must rely on the community and its members.But scholars just stay on the analysis and description on the factors of community resilience,they lack of descriptions on the dynamic process of resilience that how the community members organize collectively.Therefore,this study regard Z village in Qiandongnan as the research object,using the methods of field observation and in-depth interviews to collect data, analyses the dynamic development process of community resilience when the community faced with disasters.The research shows that, due to differences in the characteristics of disasters, community resilience exist two development paths. Sudden disasters, such as earthquakes, the outbreak of a short time, destructive, it is easy for community members to form a collective resilience.However, progressive disasters show a different path.At the early period of progressive disaster erupted, it influenced the community in a not significant way and did not have a substantial damage to the community function. However, the family-as the cell of community-is the most direct feeler and undertaker, therefore the community resilience reflected in the single-family resilience. Family members used the knowledge and experience as a guide to resist, such as the optimization of livelihood or lifestyle’s change. With the continuing disaster, the intensity increases, the family resilience seemed vulnerable. Therefore, Families sought cooperation object according to the relationship between them. Mutual support network was established between the families, they improved livelihood infrastructure and resist the disaster together. At this time, the community resilience still was decentralized resilience. Of course, the two resistance stage can’t be completely separated. When a disaster outbreak, it threaten the survival of the community’s most people, community members must concentrate together to resilience. However, in the community with higher degree differentiation, especially those living differentiation and obvious disparity communities, the strong and the weak different in the disaster resilience. Therefore, when all the members of the community were asked to share the cost of resilience, the conflict between individual rationality and collective rationality appeared, the strong of community often not choose to cooperate. In the question of how to focus the community’s power to enhance community resilience, community mobilization is an essential step.In the case study of this paper, Z community respectively with the administrative aut hority of the village committee and the moral authority of the respected old people, who combined together to refusing to participate in the collective stress of members of administrative and moral pressure. Forced them to participate in the community of coll ective resistance. And finally, the members of the community reach in to agreement on collective resistance. Eventually, the collective resilience action formed.Villagers elected representatives and elites negotiated with the gold mining companies which caused ecological damage,resulting the lose of surface water. Negotiation and seeking in public power are failure. The villagers have no other choice but to rely on non-formal means to obtain compensation. After obtaining compensation the villagers began to expand resilience resources inward.In addition, based on the common interest demands,village cooperated with neighboring village, enhancing the resilience of village to cope with the disaster.