Social Services Mode For The Urban Adaptation Of Migrant Children From The Perspective Of Social-ecological System Theory

The urban adaptation of migrant children is a social problem in the background of industrialization and urbanization.Based on current trends, the number of migrant children will increase and the problem of urban adaptation will exist for a long time.How to help them adapt to society, except their families, the society should also assume responsibility. Meanwhile social work which provide professional help is gradually recognized by the government and the society.This study follows the process of professional social work services project "’one world’-city adaptation project of migrant children", and based on the combination of theory and practice attempts to explore the social services mode. Researchers investigated 60 migrant children in W community, Wuxi City, through questionnaires, interviews, field observations. The result shows that migrant children have adaption problems in psychology, behavior, acculturation and community participation. In the perspective of social-ecological system theory, the problems are complex. Based on this, the study designed a program which provides services in four areas ("Meet the best of themselves,""to be the best of themselves", "city unveiled " and " into the arms of their city ") for 30 migrant children who have obvious problems. In the service process, the researchers made different plans on different systems based on the ecological environment of migrant children.In this study, although there are some deficiencies, the social services mode had achieved remarkable results with the reasonable design of the program:the professional team of social workers, the suitable service venues, the professional values and methods, etc.. The effects mainly manifested in:psychological quality of migrant children enhanced; harmonious interpersonal relationships promoted; the knowledge of the city Wuxi enhanced; confidence and awareness of participation in society inspired.This mode is under the guidance of social-ecological system theory which do good to the practice. However, the practice has proved that the theory has limitations. For example, it pays too much emphasis on environmental intervention and ignores the initiative of the service object; it stays at the level of description and lacks specific intervention programs; it has too many systems which makes it difficult to seize the key points; relatively speaking, it is more suitable for long-term engagement and casework. In response to these limitations, this study put forward the corresponding countermeasures.