Research On The Evaluation Of Comprehensive Competitiveness Of Shanghai Port

With the rapid growth of economic, the size and quantity of the port has been greatly improved, and the cargo throughputs of the port also have significantly increased. At the same time, the development and running of Yangshan port and the strategic measures for the construction of Shanghai International Shipping Center makes people’s attention to the port widely, the competition between ports more and more intense, and the range of competition expanded constantly. The port plays an important role in the development of China’s economic because most of China’s international trade in goods is accomplished by the way of sea transportation. It is an important window for China’s participation in the international economic cycle. Therefore, the competitiveness of a port would not only have a huge impact on the regional competitiveness where the port in, but also has a certain degree of influence to the overall competitiveness of the country. Shanghai port is an important hub in China’s coastal ports, and it plays an important role in the economic development of Shanghai and even the whole country. For this reason, it is a main content of the development strategy of Shanghai port and also an important subjection of the sustainable development of our national economic to research on the development, competition, and cooperation of Shanghai port, identify the main factors which affected the competitiveness of our ports, and put forward specific measures to enha nce the comprehensive competitiveness of the ports.As the target to evaluate the comprehensive competitiveness of Shanghai port, this paper analyzed it scientifically and systematically from both vertical and horizontal dimensions. On the basis of the analysis, it evaluated reasonably and then put forward countermeasures and suggestions for its development. The specific method is: first of all, it established evaluation index system of the competitiveness of the ports as the theoretical basis of the article which based on the existing theory and combined with the actual situation of the ports. And respectively, it evaluated the comprehensive competitiveness of Shanghai port from both vertical and horizontal dimensions. Secondly, it did a horizontal comparison analysis by using Factor Analysis method and cross-sectional data in 2012 of Shanghai port and its competitors with the help of SPSS software. Thirdly, it analyzed and evaluated on dynamic panel data of each port from 2007 to 2012 by the introduction of Dynamic Factor Analysis, using STATA12.0, and obtained the dynamic changes in the longitudinal direction of Shanghai port. Finally, according to the results of the evaluation, it analyzed Shanghai port’s competitive advantages and disadvantages, and then proposed corresponding countermeasures and suggestions to enhance the overall competitiveness of Shanghai port.The research results show that: by the horizontal comparison of comprehensive competitiveness, Shanghai port ranked in the upper level, higher than its competitors, illustrated its strong comprehensive strength. Combined with the specific situation of the port of Shanghai, this paper argues that: on the one hand, the strong economic strength of the hinterland stimulates the demand of Shanghai port, and also it improves the financing capacity and the level of construction of Shanghai Port. On the other hand, Shanghai municipal government attaches great importance to Shanghai port, and increases the intensity to the investment and construction of Shanghai port, which all greatly promotes the development and improves the comprehensive competitiveness of Shanghai port. Longitudinally, the competitiveness appears upward trend in general, but there is fluctuation and clearly insufficient in development potential and the development of space is almost exhausted. That is mainly reflected in the channel depth and other conditions which cannot meet the development trend of large-scale ship. At last, the paper draws the conclusion: it can be considered from the perspective of competition and cooperation to enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of Shanghai port. Besides its own development, it can share resources with other ports to realize dislocation development by giving full play to their respective advantages. Therefore, it can provide reference for the policy-making of the following development of Shanghai port.