The Research Of The Left-behind Elderly's Pension Predicament And Solutions

Since reform and opening up,with China's rapid economic development the pace of urbanization and industrialization is speeding up and the social lifestyle and the modes of people's migration movements have changed dramatically.Therefore,a lot of young and middle-aged laborers from rural areas go to the economic prosperous regions.However,because of the long-existed urban-rural dual structure,household registration system and rural family's economic situations,etc.in China,the floating population is very hard to migrate all the family members to the city.Thus,some of the aged still live in the countryside.With the increasing time and distance between the aged and the far-away children,there is a special group emerged in the rural areas – “ left-behind elderly”.According to the statistics,by 2012,the number of “remained elder” is above 50,000,000 in China,accounting for 25.8% of total population of older persons.And the number and scale of the phenomenon is still increasing.To some extent,the far-away working children shakes the traditional position of family supporting of the elders.And at the same time,the social security system of China has defects,so the problem of supporting old people of “ left-behind elderly” is facing more severe challenges.Hence,exploring the solutions to “ left-behind elderly” concerns whether the rural elders can enjoy their happiness in later life and whether the society and rural economy can have continuous and stable development.All these things have important realistic significance and value for the comprehensive well-off society.This paper gives a comprehensive and in-depth understanding about the local“ left-behind elderly” of H village,M town,Hengshui city,Hebei Province from the perspective of sociology,based on Maslow demand theory,the theory of social quality and filial piety culture,combining survey research and field research methods,using the social research methods of questionnaire,semi-structured interviews,case study and field observation etc.Based on the research,this paper firstly introduces the basic conditions of the“ left-behind elderly” in the form of graphs,ranging from population size,age distribution,sex ratio,education level,economic income,the preferences of elderly-supporting form,etc.Then the conclusion can be made that the major features are the increasing scale of“left-behind elderly”,the large amounts of the young-old and the middle-old,the overall lowlevel and conservative ideas about old-age pension,etc.By case investigation and questionnaire data analysis,the problems of the elderly can be summed up: low economic income,lack of social security and life care,worrying safety situations,spiritual emptiness,difficult medical treatment,etc.The paper analyzes the reasons of the plight of the elderly from economy,culture and society.Finally,according to the living environment and the core needs of the elderly in economy,care and the spirit,the thesis gives the proposed measures to alleviate pension pressure: enhancing the function of family pension;perfecting the laws and regulations;strengthening the construction of rural pension system;improving the construction of rural community service;innovating rural cultural activities and so on.