Research On The Precision Poverty Alleviation Model In China's Concentrated Areas

Poverty is a worldwide problem.Scholars'understanding of poverty ranges from absolute poverty at the income level to relative poverty in multiple dimensions,and then to poverty and rights poverty.As for the causes of poverty,scholars generally believe that it is the result of the combined effects of economic,political,environmental,historical and cultural factors.In the 1980s,Amartya Sen proposed the theory of feasible ability,pointing out that it is necessary to enhance the viability of the poor to achieve equal opportunities for development.In the 1990s,Yalan and Ruifulin proposed the theory of space poverty,and believed that space support should be provided from the economic and social aspects to promote poverty reduction.In 2000,the UK Department of Overseas Development proposed a sustainable livelihood framework that includes five parts:the fragile environment,livelihood capital,organizational and procedural rules,livelihood strategies and livelihood outcomes.The policy design approach is to capitalize,capitalize and possibly Strategy to pursue a certain way out.There are three main modes of poverty alleviation abroad:the "development pole"model,the"meeting basic needs"model and the"social security scheme"model.Developed countries mainly adopt the"social security scheme" model,and developing countries mainly adopt the "development pole"model and the"meeting basic needs"model.Since the founding of the People's Republic China's poverty alleviation has experienced six stages:the first stage(1949-1978)is a small-scale relief and poverty alleviation after the founding of the country;the second stage(1979-1985)is the system reform to promote poverty reduction;the third stage(1986-1993)It is poverty alleviation in regional development;the fourth phase(1994-2000)is poverty alleviation focusing on poverty-stricken counties;the fifth phase(2001-2010)is comprehensive poverty alleviation focusing on poor villages;the sixth phase(2011-2020)The year is to focus on poverty alleviation with a focus on concentrated areas.In 2013,General Secretary Xi Jinping first proposed the concept of precision poverty alleviation in Xiangxi,Hunan.Domestic scholars summed up the "six precisions" and "five batches" and other precise poverty alleviation theories.All regions also started the practice of precision poverty alleviation.The results also face real difficulties.This paper analyzes the causes of poverty in China's concentrated contiguous areas:the ecological environment is fragile.the land security is limited;the industrial base is weak,the poor people's livelihood capital is insufficient;at the provincial border,the poverty alleviation policy is difficult to benefit;the social security system is imperfect,Poverty is highlighted by illness;human capital is insufficient and there are fewer alternative livelihood strategies.This paper compares the following four types of precision poverty alleviation models from five aspects:implementation conditions,precise identification,precision assistance,precise management,and accurate assessment:comprehensive precision poverty alleviation model in Jinggangshan City,Jiangxi Province,Luojing Mountain District,Bijie City,Guizhou Province The e-commerce poverty alleviation model in Luxi County,the tourism poverty alleviation model in Lu'an Mountain in Anhui Province,and the financial poverty alleviation model in Luanping County,Hebei Province,analyze the respective achievements and shortcomings,and provide reference for other regions.China's precision poverty alleviation model faces the following dilemmas:relying on government promotion,insufficient participation of multiple entities;correct poverty alleviation work mechanism needs to be improved,policy implementation is easy to deviate;material assistance is the main,poverty alleviation and wisdom are not effectively combined;Insufficient attention to protection and social development;poverty dynamic management system and performance evaluation mechanism need to be optimized;focus on poverty alleviation in the current period,and long-term system construction needs to be improved.This paper uses the sustainable livelihood framework to propose an anti-poverty long-term mechanism for China,and proposes countermeasures for optimizing the precise poverty alleviation model:transforming government functions,promoting multi-subject participation,improving the precision poverty alleviation mechanism,promoting accurate identification,and implementing classification assistance.Integrate poverty alleviation and support wisdom;focus on ecological protection,strengthen regional cooperation;improve poverty dynamic management system and performance evaluation mechanism;establish a long-term mechanism against poverty and accelerate the construction of the system.