| With the ever increasing scale and intensivism in chicken production,and the breeding environment is worsening constantly,the outbreak frequency and harmful levels of disease is also moving up.Traditional chemicals and antibiotic medicine have good effects to control the disease,and improve the growth performance in chicken,as problems of drug resistance of bacteria and medicine residue are outstanding,and causes deep pollution to the environment.With the people's living standards rising,the demand for chicken has shifted from quantity pursuit to quality satisfaction.Traditional drug control has brought a great challenge to the healthy and sustainable development of the poultry industry.Therefore,searching and developing natural feed additives to improve the immunity of animal,and reduce drug use,already becomes current popular research.The functional components in tea can improve the meat quality and immunity ability of livestock and poultry and reduce the drug use in the farming,which can satisfy the people's demand for high quality animal products.Therefore,in this study,the tea powder proportion of 0%(control),0.5%,1% and 2% were added into the feeds of Pengxian Yellow Chicken(PY chicken),and the growth performances,carcass and meat traits,and serum lipid level,antioxidant enzyme activity and cytokine content were measured at 150 day.Results are as follows1.Supplementation of dietary tea powder has no significant impact on yield of carcass,eviscerated,semi-eviscerated,leg muscle and breast muscle in PY chicken(P>0.05).The yield of carcass,eviscerated,semi-eviscerated was slightly lower to controls,but the yield of leg muscle and breast muscle have slightly increase.The addition of 1% and 2% tea powder proportion can remarkably decrease the yield of abdomen fat(P<0.05).2.Supplementation of dietary tea powder has no significant impact on meat color,pH value,and drip loss of breast muscle in PY chicken(P>0.05).The muscle diameter was increase with the increase of the tea powder addition,whereas the tenderness was decrease,and the difference reached the significant at 2% addition level.3.Supplementation of dietary tea powder has no significant impact on gross moisture and dry matter content in PY chicken(P>0.05),and the gross moisture was gradually reducing with the increase of the tea powder addition,but the dry matter content did the reverse.The addition of 1% and 2% tea powder proportion can remarkably decrease the intramuscular fat content and saturated fatty acid level(P<0.05),but the inosinic acid,thiamine,essential amino acid,flavor amino acids and monounsaturated fatty acid level were significant higher than those in control(P<0.05).Moreover,the non-essential amino acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid level were significant higher in 2% addition level compared to control(P<0.05).4.Supplementation of dietary tea powder has impact on serum lipid level,antioxidant enzyme activity and cytokine content.The addition of 1% and 2% tea powder proportion can remarkably decrease the levels of triglyceride,total cholesterol,high density lipoprotein cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol and malondialdehyde content(P<0.05),and remarkably increase the enzymatic activity of glutathione peroxidase,superoxide dismutase,catalase and peroxidase(P<0.05).Interleukin 1,Interleukin 2,Interferon-? and tumour necrosis factor were significant higher than those in control at the addition of 1% tea powder proportion(P<0.05),and the Interleukin 6 was significant higher than control at 2% proportion(P<0.05).In conclusion,Supplementation of dietary tea powder has no significant impact growth performances,but the addition proportion of 1% and 2% tea powder can improve the quality of chicken,and enhance the effectiveness of the body immunity in varying degrees,and the 2% addition proportion was the optimum proportion.These results can provide a theoretical basis for the development of tea as a new ecological feed additive in the healthy breeding of high quality chicken. |
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