The Empirical Study On The Problem Of Overeducation

At the end of the 20th century,China’s higher education has made significant development,particularly the expansion of university education in 1999,providing a large number of high-quality labor resources for the construction of socialist modernization.The higher the level of education is,better treatment of income,which has become a general consensus.However,since 2010,the employment of college graduates has been so difficult that refreshing the history of the problem.Wages are no longer an ideal level of people,and the supply and demand imbalance of labor market has become increasingly prominent.The overeducation came out in China.In this paper,through the analysis of the survey data,it can be found that overeducation in our country is mainly 21-30 years old population of overeducation stock.The incidence rate of overeducation has positive relation to the education level,and the largest population of overeducation exists in the undergraduates.More people of overeducation present in the main labor market.For professions,they are mainly the national and social administrators,managers,professional and technical personnel.For the type of work units,many exist in the institutions of party and government,large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises,foreign-funded enterprises.For work places,people of overeducation exist in municipalities directly under the central government,the provincial capital city,and prefecture level city.As for the family background,the incidence of overeducation in children is positively correlated with the highest degree of parents,especially affected by the highest degree of father.In addition,although the overeducation behaves differently in gender,discipline and professional aspects,there is no significant difference.To a certain extent,Overeducation would enhance the job satisfaction and the level of life for individuals,and promote the workforce’s flow,but the investment is not in accordance with the profit.It would also cause the waste of human,finance,material to the society.The phenomenon of overeducation occurs mainly from four aspects,namely individual biased awareness of the human capital,employment depending on the educational screening function,the hysteresis of autonomy in higher education,and the government’s misjustice to the market operation mechanism.Although China’s total education is obviously insufficient,and the influence of overeducation to the economic and social development is not so serious as western countries,overeducation is obvious waste of limited resources under the stress of educational resources.This trend,if getting along with this way,will result in a worse influence in greater range.Therefore,to deal with the overeducation,it requires the joint efforts of individuals,employers,colleges and governments.Specifically speaking,individuals should make career plans based on rational analysis.Employers in recruiting employees should attach importance to genuine skill and knowledge,and pay more attention to the professional training.Colleges and universities improve the quality of education in the trend of autonomy.Governments should make reasonable regulation,clarifying market relations at the same time.