Study On The Current Situation And The Correlation Of Cognitive Ability And Physical Fitness In Elderly People Aged Over 70

There is a problem of aging of the elderly population that is due to the development of aging.The rapid growth of aging has a major challenge to the elderly's life care demand.To investigate the level,characteristics,variation,correlation of the elderly cognitive ability and physical fitness,and the effects physical exercise on cognitive ability and physical fitness,this study randomly selected 500 elderly people over 70 years old living temporarily and permanently in Hainan province,adopted the Mini-mental State Examinaton(MMSE)and the field test to measure the elderly orientation,memory,attention and calculation,language,visual spatial cognitive ability,and made the use of the Physical Fitness Measuring Scale and field test to measure the fitness level,characteristic and change rule of elderly body composition,cardiorespiratory fitness,balance and muscular fitness,flexibility,based on which,to explore the relationship between the elderly cognitive ability and physical fitness.At the same time,this study combined with the Physical Amount of exercise Rating Scale(PARS-3),and to do a more comprehensive analysis on different amount of exercise in elderly cognitive ability and physical fitness and its correlation,providing theoretical support and practical basis for the promotion of health management and sports for the elderly,to serve for construction of healthy Hainan and China.This study found that:(1)generally,the cognitive ability of the elderly was in the level of mild cognitive impairment.From the point of the age,the cognitive index decreased as the age increased,the male of different ages in orientation to time(p<0.01)and location(p<0.05),delayed memory(p<0.01),and cognitive score(p<0.05)decreased significantly;the female of different ages decreased significantly in orientation to place,attention and calculation,delayed memory,visual space,and cognitive score(p<0.01);from the view of the gender,male were better than female in orientation,language,visual space,and cognitive scores,of which,there were significant differences between the time orientation(p<0.01)and language ability(p<0.05)of70-79 year-old male and female groups;men and women over 80 years had significant differences in location orientation(p<0.05),language ability(p<0.05),and visual space(p<0.01).(2)the BMI,systolic pressure and diastolic pressure of the elderly were all close to the standard range of normal adults of WHO.From the point of age,except the body composition,each index decreased with the increase of age,for instance,hands back hook,grip,upper armdumbbell bending,sit stand,vital capacity,2min marking time,and balance fitness were of significant differences between age groups;from the perspective of the gender,the male and female in different age groups were different in the fields of the waist-to-hip ratio,grip strength and lung capacity.(3)the correlation coefficient of cognitive ability and physical fitness of the elderly is r=0.453,and there was a very significant difference(p<0.01).(4)There was a significant correlation between the small amount of exercise(r=0.294,P<0.01),moderate exercise(r=0.364,p<0.01)for the elderly cognitive ability and physical fitness.It was not statistically significant for the correlation between the elderly with large amount of exercise and the cognitive ability and physical fitness(p>0.05).(5)the cognitive ability and physical fitness have different changes according to the different exercise,among which the time orientation,visual space,seat flexion,grip strength,sit and stand,and stand up 2.44 m seat angle walk improved greatly as the level of exercise increased,however,there was no significant difference(p>0.05).The above results suggested that:(1)the cognitive ability and physical fitness of the elderly were reduced in varying degrees with age,but the degree of reduction in each index was not equal.Cognition impairment is common and prominent in time orientation,delayed memory,attention and calculation and visual spatial;physical fitness impairment is common and prominent in grip,arm dumbbell bend,sit and stand,vital capacity,2min marking time,stand up 2.44 m seat angle walk.Male of different ages had better cognition ability,language ability,visual space,grip strength,sit and stand,dumbbell bend than females of different ages.Female had better delayed memory,seat flexion and 2min marking time than male.(2)the cognitive ability of the elderly was positively correlated with physical fitness,which was related with the partially common physiological mechanism.(3)there was a significant correlation between the cognitive ability and the physical fitness of the elderly with small amount of exercise and moderate exercise.The cognitive ability of the elderly people with the large amount of exercise was not related with the physical fitness,or the control of theadditional factors in the study,or the education degree accepted by the elderly people,or some chronic diseases.