The Impact Of Technological Innovation On Employment

The report of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that employment is the greatest livelihood of the people.This sentence fully reflects the fundamental status of employment for the people's livelihood.As China's economy enters a new normal,economic growth slows down,economic growth momentum transforms into innovation-driven,and it is of great practical significance to study the impact of technological innovation on employment under the new development concept.This paper studies the impact of technological innovation on employment from two aspects of total employment and employment skill structure.Firstly,after combing the relevant research of scholars at home and abroad,the concept of employment,employment skill structure and technological innovation is defined.On this basis,the relationship between technological innovation and total employment and employment skill structure is studied in detail.The employment loss effect and employment creation effect of technological innovation and the skill bias of technological innovation are expounded.Next,it analyzes the employment situation of China and the employment distribution of high-skilled laborers and low-skilled laborers,as well as the status quo of China's technological innovation activities,and determines the R&D expenditures and the number of patent applications as indicators to measure the innovation ability of enterprises.In the empirical research part,manufacturing industry has the strong employment absorption capacity as the pillar of the national economy.Therefore,the panel data of 915 listed companies in 2012-2017 are selected as the research object,and the technological innovation is applied to the employment from the micro perspective,using the dynamic panel model and the GMM-SYS estimation method to compare and analyze the impact of technological innovations on employment and employment skill structure in different industries,different ownership systems and different regions.The results show that the technological innovation of manufacturing enterprises can effectively promote employment growth,technological innovation activities of different enterprises have differences in the performance of employment skills structure,and technological innovation in technology-intensive,state-owned enterprises and enterprises in the central and western regions are skill-biased.Finally,based on the current situation of China and the research results of this paper,the corresponding policy recommendations are put forward: while maintaining the growth of R&D expenditures and patent applications,optimizing the R&D expenditure input structure,increasing the patent conversion rate;and accelerating the low-skilled workers to high-skilled labor through skill training;paying attention to the development of non-state-owned enterprises and enterprises in the central and western regions,and giving full play to the positive role of technological innovation in stabilizing employment.