Study On The Spatial And Temporal Distribution Of Medicinal Plants And Their Medicinal Properties In Gannan Grassland

A significant feature of the natural grassland is the diversity of vegetation species,and the connotation of the diversity lies in the wide distribution of a large number of medicinal and health plants.It is not only the material basis to support the existence and continuation of grassland animal husbandry,but also the fundamental guarantee to maintain its industrial characteristics.Therefore,to understand and master the characters and characteristics of grassland vegetation,especially the community characteristics of medicinal plants and their temporal and spatial changes,is not only the prerequisite for the operation of grazing animal husbandry in grassland pastoral areas,but also the basic requirement for a deep understanding of the scientific connotation of traditional nomadic system in grassland.In view of this,from 2017 to2019,the sample lands were selected in meiren grassland of cooperative city and ganjia grassland of xiahe county,which are still in the nomadic system,and the community characters,composition and distribution characteristics of medicinal plants and medicinal properties of gannan grassland were systematically studied based on the changes of season and elevation gradient.The results show that:1.The composition of vegetation community in gannan grassland is characterized by distinct diversity.There are 95 species of plants in the study area,belonging to 26 Section 60.Among them,the number of medicinal and health plants can be attributed to 82 species,accounting for 86.3% of the total number of plants.Medicinal plants are the main components of natural grassland vegetation in gannan and the basis of grassland grazing resources.2.The basic character indexes(number of species,coverage,abundance and aboveground biomass)of medicinal plant communities and the seasonal distribution characteristics of the number of plant species and biomass with different medicinal properties and medicinal functions all showed the changes of single peak curve,and the peak time was concentrated from August to October.3.In the range of elevation variation,the species number,coverage and abundance of medicinal plant community in the character index of medicinal plant community showed single peak variation,and the peak value appeared in the range of3000-3500 m.The biomass and grass height were negatively correlated with elevation.The number and biomass of medicinal plants with different medicinal properties and functions were negatively correlated with elevation.4.Among the 9 types of medicinal functions of medicinal plants,the number of heat-clearing,detoxification and pain-relieving carbcarbines was the largest,with an average of 31.0 and 27 species respectively,accounting for 37.8% and 32.9% of the total number of medicinal plants.Among the four types of medicinal properties,the cold plants were the most common,with an average of 26.5 species,accounting for45.6% of the total number of medicinal plants.The active substances are mainly flavonoids,terpenes,glycosides and alcohols.5.Among the medicinal plants,the herding plants with edible,edible,seasonal edible,undesirable and repulsive nature accounted for 37.8%,18.3%,24.3%,13.4% and6.1% of the total number of medicinal plants,respectively.