| In recent years,the survey and evaluation of medicinal plant resources have played an important role in the development,utilization and conservation of medicinal plants in a region.Batang County is located in the western part of Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Sichuan Province,at the southeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau.The variable climate and complex topography have nurtured rich medicinal plant resources,however,the overall understanding of the current status of medicinal plant resources in Batang County is still not very clear.This study is based on the Fourth National Census of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources organized by the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine to comprehensively investigate the medicinal plant resources in Batang County,based on the acquisition of the background data of medicinal plants,statistical analysis of the diversity of medicinal plants in Batang County was conducted.and used the Analytic hierarchy process to study and evaluate the development and utilization value of wild Medicinal plant resources in Batang County,and graded the Medicinal plant resources by rating;For medicinal plants with high exploitation and utilization value in Batang County,but facing endangerment,We use the Max Ent maximum entropy model,to predict its suitable area in Batang County.Finally,we propose recommendations for the development,utilization and protection of medicinal plant resources in Batang County..The main findings of the study are as follows:(1)A total of 674 species of common medicinal plants were surveyed in Batang County,belonging to 97 families and 343 genera.The four taxa,angiosperms,gymnosperms,ferns and lichens,classified by plant taxa,among them,angiosperms are absolutely dominant,with 82 families and 324 genera and 645 species,accounting for 84.54% of the total number of families,94.46% of the total number of genera and 95.70% of the total number of species of medicinal plants.gymnosperms contain 4 families,7 genera and 9 species,ferns have 10 families,11 genera and 19 species,and lichens have only 1 family,1 genus and 1 species.Medicinal plants can be divided into 10 types of trees,shrubs,lianas,parasitic woody plants,semi-shrubs and small semi-shrubs,perennial herbs,annual herbs,parasitic herbs,aquatic herbs,mosses and lichens according to the living type,while perennial herbs occupy the main position,with 372 species,accounting for 55.19% of the total number of species of medicinal plant,.Medicinal plants are divided into eight categories according to their medicinal parts: roots and stems,stems and wood,bark,leaves,flowers,fruits and seeds,whole herbs,and algae and lichens,among which the number of whole herbs is the largest,with 341 species,accounting for 50.59% of the total number of medicinal plant species.Medicinal plants can be divided into cultivated and wild types according to the type of resources,with 42 species of cultivated type and 632 species of wild type.70 species are recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 Edition),a total of 148 species belong to the "Encyclopedia of Chinese Tibetan Medicinal Materials" of which 9 are basal plants belonging to the Authentic Medicinal Materials of Sichuan Province.There are 5 species listed in the List of Wild Medicinal Species under National Key Protection,and 6 species are included in the latest edition of the List of Wild Plants under National Key Protection(2021 Edition).(2)Medicinal plants in Batang County have obvious dominant family phenomena,and the dominant families include Asteraceae,Rosaceae,Legumes,Ranunculaceae,Lamiaceae etc.A total of 15 families,accounting for 15.74% of the total number of families,and the number of species contained has reached 402 species,accounting for 59.64% of the total number of species.In addition,In addition,there are 84 families of single-genus family and oligo-genus family,accounted for 86.60% of the total number of medicinal plant families in Batang County.there are 82 families of singlespecies family and oligo-species family.Monotypic family,Oligotypic family is very high,indicating that the diversity of family of medicinal plants in Batang County is not stable.Furthermore The medicinal seed plant fauna of Batang County has obvious temperate properties,and the specific temperate distribution type contains 19 families(44.19%)and 205 genera(78.85%).(3)According to the obvious vertical zonal spectrum of vegetation in Batang County,the medicinal plant resources of Batang County are divided into three areas:Arid river valley grassland shrubland area,Subalpine broad-leaved coniferous forest are,Alpine alpine meadow flowing rocky beach area and there are more representative key and characteristic medicinal plants distributed in each area.(4)Among the 567 kinds of wild medicinal plant resources represented in Batang County,there are 46 species with grade I exploitation and utilization value,233 species with grade II.exploitation and utilization value,227 species with exploitation and utilization value as Grade III.,and 61 species with grade IV.exploitation and utilization value.(5)Among the endangered medicinal plants with a exploitation and utilization value of Grade I in Batang County,the main environmental characteristics of the high-suitable growth areas of Sinopodophyllum hexandrum are altitude:2493 ~ 4402 m,precipitation of coldest quarter :10-18 mm,mainly concentrated in Songduo Township,Cuola Township,Moduo Township,Lieyi Township,Dangba Township,etc.The main environmental characteristics of the high-suitable growth areas of Polygala tenuifolia are altitude:2372-3586 m,precipitation of driest month:2-4 mm,and mean temperature of warmest quarter:11.73-18.26°C,mainly concentrated in Dangba Township and Xia qiong Town,as well as parts of Zhubalong Township,Suwalong Township,Changbo Township,etc.The main environmental characteristics of the high-suitable growth areas of Rheum palmatum are annual mean temperature:-0.41-7.87°C,altitude:3005-4451 m,slope: 0.27-18.55°,nalmost distributed in almost all township and towns,The main environmental characteristics of the high-suitable growth areas of Gentiana crassicaulis are precipitation of coldest quarter:10-19 mm,topsoil reference bulk density: 1.37-1.41 kg/dm3.mainly concentrated in Songduo Township,Moduo Township and Dangba Township.In summary,there are 674 species of common medicinal plants in Batang County,and medicinal plant resources are abundant.Among them,nearly half of the wild medicinal plants have a development and utilization value of Grade I and II.,which shows that the development of medicinal plants in Batang County has good prospects.In addition,medicinal plants that are in an endangered state but have high development and utilization value(Sinopodophyllum hexandrum、Polygala tenuifolia、Rheum palmatum、Gentiana crassicaulis)have a wide area of suitable growth in Batang County,which shows that it is highly feasible to carry out the protection,cultivation and sustainable development and utilization of endangered medicinal plants within the scope of Batang County. |
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