| In recent years,modern apprenticeship has become a new model that aims to deepen the integration of industry and education,school-enterprise cooperation,and adapt to the new era of vocational education,and to cultivate innovative technical skills.Practical teaching is one of the core elements of its successful implementation.The country has successively introduced relevant policies to promote the modern apprenticeship system from pilot to comprehensive promotion.Since Shanghai officially launched the pilot program of modern apprenticeship for secondary vocational education in 2014,it has carried out three batches,and the pilot program has achieved remarkable results,but there are also some problems.In order to promote the high-quality and sustainable development of modern apprenticeship in secondary vocational schools,This article takes 9 pilot majors of the second batch of modern apprenticeships in secondary vocational schools in Shanghai as research cases.Through investigating the implementation of modern apprenticeship practice teaching,it analyzes the current existing Deficiencies and reasons,and propose corresponding countermeasures.It can provide reference for the promotion of modern apprenticeship and the teaching reform of secondary vocational schools.This article first starts with expounding the research issues and significance,core concepts,and briefly explains the relevant theoretical foundations of modern apprenticeship practice teaching: tacit knowledge theory,stakeholder theory,and constructivist teaching concepts;secondly,based on modern apprenticeships at home and abroad Practical teaching experience puts forward the basic requirements of modern apprenticeship practical teaching,and constructs the main research and analysis framework of this article according to the basic requirements.Thirdly,the current situation of the second batch of modern apprenticeship pilot professional practical teaching in Shanghai is investigated through the questionnaire method and interview method.The survey results are presented and preliminary results are analyzed.At the same time,based on the results of questionnaires and interviews,the problems existing in modern apprenticeship practical teaching are found and the reasons are analyzed;finally,corresponding suggestions and countermeasures are put forward.The results show that the practice teaching of the second batch of modern apprenticeship majors in Shanghai has achieved good results in goal recognition,teaching environment,teaching staff and content pertinence.However,there are still some problems,such as the weak sense of responsibility of enterprise education,the lack of depth of school enterprise cooperation,the difficulties in the transformation of practical teaching content,the small number of courses developed by school enterprise cooperation,the unsatisfactory "double tutor" training,the uneven comprehensive quality of teachers,the lack of standardized practical assessment,the lack of third-party evaluation subject of practical teaching,the insufficient protection of apprentice rights and the lack of future career development rules The definition is not clear.However,the main reasons that affect the effectiveness of modern apprenticeship practice teaching are the imperfection of enterprise interest protection mechanism and government subsidy mechanism,the rapid change of market environment,the lack of employment standard and "double tutor" incentive mechanism,the lack of professional supervision and evaluation platform,and the lack of legal protection of apprenticeship rights and interests.Therefore,we should optimize the policy environment of school enterprise cooperation,build the curriculum development platform,clarify the selection criteria of tutors,improve the teacher training and incentive mechanism,improve the practical teaching evaluation mechanism,and formulate the apprenticeship rights protection law,so as to further promote the improvement of modern apprenticeship practical teaching. |
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