A Study On The Tutorial System At The Great China University

The tutorial system,which originated at the University of Oxford in the middle and late 19 th century,is an educational system in which tutors give individual guidance to undergraduates in their study and life.In the 1920 s,China’s higher education,which developed rapidly through horizontally transplanting the western modern school system,was in a state of abuse,and the tutorial system was rapidly adopted into China as an important means to improve higher education.At this time,the Great China University has been established for four years,with the dramatic increase in the number of students and the expansion of the size of the school,the shortcomings of the westernstyle educational system also began to emerge here.In order to get rid of the educational malpractice and improve the educational quality,under the main impetus of the vice-president Ou Yuanhuai,and the provost Lu Jizeng,the Great China University began to implement the tutorial system.The process of implementing the tutorial system at the Great China University is divided into three periods.From 1929 to 1934,in line with the attitude of first experiment and then implementation,the Great China University first piloted the tutorial system in the graduating class,not only clarified the implementation concept of the tutorial system and formulated The Tutorial System Implementation Rules to standardize the implementation measures,but also provided a comprehensive and rich guidance content and free and diverse forms of guidance to rationalize the relationship between teachers and students.From 1934 to 1938,in the face of the growing national crisis,the Great China University began to popularizing the tutorial system,not only set the clear priority of "academic guidance",but also improved the relevant system of tutorial system through learning from Harvard University experience.These measures created a strong academic atmosphere for the teacher to implement academic guidance.During this period,it made the tutorial system more complete that the Great China University took the scientific research as its starting point and adopted a series of reform measures.From 1938 to 1946,the Ministry of Education established the status of the tutorial system in higher education by decree.However,with the intervention of the Kuomintang forces,the tutorial system has been alienated.The Great China University,which was in a difficult situation,had to obey the orders of the Ministry of Education,but at the same time it also made flexible alternatives to continue to improve the tutorial system.In 1946,the tutorial system was abolished,and although The Great China University stopped the implementation of the tutorial system because of being busy with moving back,it still adhered to the spirit of cooperation between teachers and students and the educational concept of attaching importance to student guidance.In the implementation process of the tutorial system,the Great China University insisted on the link of theory and practice to explore the suitable cultivating model of the tutorial system,absorbing advantages of Chinese and Western cultures to perfect the system,building the equal and harmonious teacher-students relationship with "guidance" as the major means.These measures had effectively improved the educational quality of the Great China University and made it become one of the famous private universities in Shanghai during the Republican period.Its valuable experiences and lessons are worthy of our study and reference.