| Since the founding of The People’s Republic of China,China has been committed to poverty eradication and implemented a series of poverty reduction measures.The number of people living in poverty has been drastically reduced and people’s living standards have been steadily improved.Targeted poverty alleviation is a new measure of poverty governance in the new era.It focuses on solving the problems of low quality and low efficiency exposed by the previous poverty alleviation models,improving the accuracy of poverty alleviation,and enabling people in poor areas to get rid of poverty as soon as possible and enter the well-off society in an all-round way.Since the implementation of the targeted poverty alleviation strategy,98.99 million rural poor people in our country have all been lifted out of poverty,and absolute poverty has been eradicated.With the end of targeted poverty alleviation,it is necessary to sort out the deviations in the past practice of targeted poverty alleviation,analyze the reasons,summarize experience,and learn lessons to provide references for the implementation of subsequent policies.Taking L county,a state poverty county,as the sample and using the Smith policy implementation process model,this paper discusses the deviation in the implementation of targeted poverty alleviation policy,analyzes the causes of the deviation,and puts forward suggestions to solve the deviation by means of reference collection,questionnaire survey and field visit.This paper consists of six chapters.The first chapter introduces the research background,significance,results,research methods and content of this paper.The second chapter elaborates the basic concepts of targeted poverty alleviation,policy implementation bias,and the theories of public choice theory,Smith’s policy implementation process model.The third chapter introduces the basic situation of the implementation of targeted poverty alleviation policy in L county.Combined with questionnaire survey and field visit results,the fourth chapter summarizes the implementation deviation of targeted poverty alleviation policy in L county from accurate identification,accurate help and precise management three aspects,and points out that L county exist poor recognition program execution does not reach the designated position,the poor do not accurate,the number of poor families do not accurately,support measures do not correspond to reality,help effect do not reach policy goal,policy requirements are changed in the implementation,project supervision and management does not reach the designated position,data management is complex,secret inquiries and supervision are mere formality and so on.According to Smith policy implementation process model and specific problems,the fifth chapter analyses the main reasons leading to the deviation of the implementation of targeted poverty alleviation policy.In terms of policy,the upper-level design of targeted poverty alleviation policy does not adapt to the reality at the grassroots level,and the policy is variable,which increases the implementation difficulty and operation space at the grassroots level.In terms of executing agencies,the executive agencies are faced with the high pressure of the pressure-type bureaucratic system,the collusion between the executive agencies,the weak governance ability of village-level organizations,the number and ability of the executive staff is insufficient,resulting in the weak executive force and low work efficiency of the executive agencies,the implementation of policies is difficult to achieve objectives;In terms of target groups,target groups lack the subjective consciousness and are affected by self-interest psychology,which leads to the lack of endogenous motivation of the poor masses and brings resistance to the implementation of policies;In terms of policy environment,the restriction of natural and historical factors,the lack of attention in the early stage of policy implementation,and the limited economic capacity of the county make the environment of policy implementation less than ideal.The last chapter puts forward some suggestions of correcting deviation,by improving the process and mechanism for making policies,overcoming formalism in policy making,strengthening the government’s executive ability,perfecting the supervision and incentive mechanism,promoting the village-level organizational governance ability,enhancing the enthusiasm of target groups to participate in,improving the overall quality of target groups,attaching great importance to policy implementation,and reasonably arranging county-level capital investment to build better conditions and environment for implementation to correct execution deviation.Poverty alleviation policies,implementation subjects,target groups,and implementation environment all have an impact on the final results of the implementation of targeted poverty alleviation policies.Unreasonable policies,implementation agencies with weak executive force,target groups with low participation,and less than ideal implementation environment make the implementation effect of targeted poverty alleviation policies deviate from the original policy objectives.Although in the process of implementation,the executive subject took some measures to correct the deviation,it still caused a certain waste of resources.Therefore,in the subsequent implementation of public policy,the internal and external conditions of policy implementation should be improved and optimized from the aspects of policies,implementation subjects,target groups and implementation environment,so as to reduce or avoid deviations. |
