Research On The Development Process And Experience Of Rural Relief Poverty Alleviation Since The Founding Of New China

Relief-orientated poverty alleviation in rural areas is a poverty alleviation method with Chinese characteristics,embodying the socialism property and the purpose of the Communist Party of China.Relief-orientated poverty alleviation in rural areas,as a fundamental and indemnificatory poverty alleviation method with fairness and bottom-line thinking,has been practiced for 70 years,and is the most durable policy in modern China.Since the establishment of People’s Republic of China,the poverty alleviation industry has helped more than 700 million national people out of poverty,which has been undergoing tremendous changes,and achieved remarkable achievements in history.Among them,the status and role of relief-orientated poverty reduction is irreplaceable.This study conducts a holistic perspective on relief-type poverty alleviation in rural areas.The “Relief” from the relief-orientated poverty alleviation has had a relatively long history.As early as in the pre-Qin period,great “relief” thoughts have been produced,and objectively been practiced.However,both the ancient Chinese relief thoughts and the western social relief thoughts have their same original intention to maintain the govern stability to the society but not to achieve the goal of poverty alleviation.It was until the birth of Marxism that helps the poor out of poverty and saves the proletarians living in hell,the thought generally became the trend to be practiced.After the establishment of the Communist Party of China,helping all the Chinese people live a good life and get rid of the poverty turned to be the goal for us to work tirelessly.People were traumatized by war when the People’s Republic of China was just founded.Continuous natural disasters such as floods and droughts also jeopardized most people’s life,causing them to struggle at the edge of the survival line.In the most horrible time,hundreds of millions of people cannot feed themselves.In order to change the situation as soon as possible and help people overcome the disaster,the Party Central Committee created its unique method,the relief-orientated poverty alleviation that reflects the essence of socialism.The policy not only achieved the survival,but also gradually helped the whole country get rid of poverty.Since then,relief-orientated poverty alleviation has become an important method,and has always run through the poverty alleviation industry of New China.Seventy years have gone since the beginning of New China’s poverty alleviation industry that it has been continuously improved during its development and evolved through three stages.From the very beginning is the traditional small-scale relief-orientated poverty alleviation stage,with its core concept running through the entire planned economy period and becoming the key means and method for poverty reduction.After that is the transition stage of relief-orientated poverty alleviation.At this stage,the development-oriented poverty reduction has become the mainstream,yet the relief-orientated poverty alleviation played a supplementary role in the development-oriented poverty reduction,and was gradually matured and improved along with the adaptation to the market economy.The third stage is the guarantee-orientated poverty alleviation when the relief-orientated poverty alleviation is gradually institutionalized,promotes the development-oriented poverty reduction and be promoted,helping to advance the precision poverty alleviation progress in the new era.The traditional small-scale relief-orientated poverty alleviation,the transition stage of relief-orientated poverty alleviation,and the guarantee-orientated poverty alleviation all together outline the overall framework of the development of the relief-orientated poverty alleviation in rural areas.The rural relief-orientated poverty alleviation policy shown its great characteristics that rural relief-orientated poverty alleviation is an overall but small-scaled,social and sustained policy providing welfare to groups unceasingly,which has accumulated abundant experience such as adhering to the party’s leadership in relief-orientated poverty alleviation work,adhering to the path of relief poverty with Chinese characteristics,and adding relief-orientated poverty alleviation into the institutionalized track.As a result,enlightenments have been found that the status and role of relief-orientated poverty alleviation is irreplaceable;relief-orientated poverty alleviation is an important means to maintain social equity and justice which can only be strengthened yet not weakened;the movement will long exist in the primary stage of socialism.In the new era of rural relief-orientated poverty alleviation,these experiences are expected to be persisted and perfected adopted.The rural relief-orientated poverty alleviation policy has achieved a lot since the coming of the new era,whilst showing its limits.The internal design of relief-orientated poverty alleviation manifests that the limitation of practical effects is significant and the problem of “raising lazy people” is prominent.By looking to the challenges faced in the practice of relief-orientated poverty alleviation,five crucial issues can be realized including the need to improve national standards,the disparity between local standards,the need to improve the stability of target subjects,the pending of fiscal expenditure structure to be optimized and the unsolved serious corruption.The advancement of the rural relief-orientated poverty alleviation policy must be carried forward by firstly solving the five above obstacles.The rural relief-orientated poverty alleviation in the new era aims at innovating its concepts,methods and measurements to realize the systematic reformation of relief-orientated poverty alleviation.The policy is also expected to strengthen the mechanism construction of relief-orientated poverty alleviation operation,and implement its orderly advancement through the dynamic adjustment mechanism construction and the whole-process safeguard mechanism of poverty-reduction targets.Furthermore,the policy should improve the precision of relief-orientated poverty alleviation and achieve the accuracy of the entire process from standard precision,target precision to policy precision.Moreover,it needs to intensify the endogenous transformation ability of relief-orientated poverty alleviation,and enhance self-development capabilities through education and assets income.Finally,at the community level,the rural relief-orientated poverty alleviation policy is asked for completing the relief-orientated poverty alleviation security system,establishing a relief-orientated poverty alleviation society participation system,and perfecting the relief-orientated poverty alleviation resource integration system.