A Study On Industrial Structure Adjustment And The Employment Of Migrant Workers

In the year2006, the State Council issued Suggestions on Sovling the Problem ofMigrant Workers, showing the greatest concern for the group of migrant workers. In2014,Government Document No.1further pointed out that efforts should be made to activelypromote the urburnization of migrant workers so as to ensure their job and life. Thedevelopment of modern economy inevitably leads to the shifting of laborors from the primaryindustry to the second and tertiary industry. Ever since the abolition of the restriction offorbidding migrant workers from working in cities, quite a large number of farmers have lefttheir home villages to work in industries other than agriculture, makng it possible to providesufficient workforce for industrial structure adjustment. It is worth noting that there is a closeconnection between the employment of migrant workers and industrial structure adjustment,for industrial structure adjustment is undoubtedly an important means to ensure and improvethe lives of migrant workers. The quality, quantity, and structure of workforce play asignificant part in industrial structure adjustment. If the qualities of migrant keeps improving,industrial structure adjustment will enlarge the number of migrant workers who can findsatisfactory jobs and promote economic development at the same time. It is of greatimportance to realize the interaction between the employment of migrant workers andindustrial structure adjustment and mutual development in our country's economic and socialdevelopment.As an industrial city and one of the northeast old industrial bases in the early years ofnew China, Heilongjiang Province, with its powerful economy, was the backbone of theRepublic's industrial development, and had a glorious history. However, its economicdevelopment has lagged behind other regions in recent years. On the whole, it is mainlybecause of the unreasonablel economic and industrial structure, the small proportion ofnon-public economy, inverse proportion of traditional industries, slow-growing of thetertiary-industry, especially the modern service industry, the weakness of industry nurturingagriculture, and the employment of migrant workers, etc., which are seriously hindering thefurther development of the economy of Heilongjiang Province. The non-coordination of theemployment structure of migrant workers and upgrading of industrial structure inHeilongjiang Province is also very prominent. In2012, the three industries of Heilongjiangare constituted as12.56:50.19:27.25, while the employment ratio of migrant workers in thethree industries is41.3:19.4:39.3. In this context, the study of the evolution of the relationshipbetween the citizenization of migrant workers and upgrading of industrial structure hasimportant significance to effectively ease the employment pressure in Heilongjiang Province,thus achieving the goal of the growth of economy, structural optimization, expansion ofemployment and promoting the citizenization of migrant workers.Firstly, based on the transfer of rural surplus labor theory, the theory of evolution ofindustrial structure and human capital theory, this paper investigates the interaction betweenthe citizenization of migrant workers and the upgrading of industrial structure, anddescriptively analyzes the evolution law of the industrial structure and employment structureof migrant workers of Heilongjiang Province, finds the existing problems in the citizenizationof migrant workers and the upgrading of industrial structure of Heilongjiang Province, and explores their characteristics and causes. The analysis reveals that the citizenization ofmigrant workers provides labor security for optimizing and upgrading industrial structure,which is an important part for job security and improves the citizenization of migrant workersundoubtedly. On the whole, the changing direction of citizenization of migrant workers andupdating of industrial structure in Heilongjiang Province is consistent, and keeps pace witheach other, followed by the introduction of relative labor productivity, employment flexibility,correlation and co-integration analysis and other measures for quantitative analysis andcomparative analysis between the industrial structure, employment structure of migrantworkers in Heilongjiang Province and domestic regions and international standard models.The result reveals that there is some structure deviation between Heilongjiang industrialstructure and employment structure of migrant workers. In the first industry there existsplenty of surplus labor to be transferred, while the ability of second and tertiary industries toabsorb the labor needs to be enhanced. Finally, this paper summarizes the performance of theemployment structure of migrant workers lagging behind the industrial structure. From thethree industries, combining with the historical and institutional reasons in the development ofvarious industries to further expand the study, we analyze the reason of lagging. Based on this,this paper puts forward the suggestion for improving the industrial structure and employmentstructure of Heilongjiang Province from three aspects: regional distribution of industrialstructure, the best choice of industry, and industrial organization structure, to promote the fullemployment of migrant workers and citizenization.