An Essay On Rural Drinking Safety Problem Based On The Public Goods Theory In Jianghan Plain

To construct a harmonious society and build new Chinese villages, the party and the state ministries researched and deployed rural drinking water safety as an important agenda in 2004, which aimed at resolving water insecurity of more than 300 million rural population, improved rural water drinking safety and quality of life. Jianghan Plain terrain is flat, it is rich in water resources and water supply. However, it is serious that there is a lack of high quality water and kinds of diseases about water .The rural water supply facilities are backward and inefficient, what's more, it is difficult to fully market-oriented because of the big investment and strong characteristics of public goods, so the role of government is essential.Firstly, the thesis analyzes the character of rural drinking water safety in Jianghan Plain as public goods which are based on the public goods theory. Rural water safety is divided into five sub-elements: water resources, water pollution, and the medical support, public health and water projects. And the thesis also analyzes the character of each element in detail, which provides a theoretical basis for diversified water supply. Secondly, the thesis analyzes the present problems of Jianghan Plain rural water drinking safety by operating means of qualitative and quantitative analysis through detailed survey. The major problems contain: I. Most of the Jianghan Plain rural population are drinking unsafe water and the sources of drinking water is polluted seriously;II. Water quality dose not suit the standard of drinking water, difficulties in drinking water still exist in some regions;III. Water polluted by blood fluke covers most of the rural areas;IV. Rural water supply facilities are very backward, water costs so much but earns so little, and management is inefficient. The main reason is that rural drinking water safety has a strong external. Therefore, the government should clear their public responsibilities, enhance the efficiency of government control, efforts to compensate for market failures, strengthens the management of water resources and water pollution, insists to safety management to rural water quality, scientifically plans water supply project and actively promotes diversified water supply project, and further reforms possession rights and management system, encourages user to participate in management.