| Objective This text through research in four universities and Career Technical College in Yunnan Province, comprehensive understanding the implementation condition of innovation entrepreneurship education and employment guidance courses/lectures in Colleges and universities, understanding the real demand of College Students' employment guidance in Colleges and universities. understanding the existing problems on innovation entrepreneurship and employment guidance situation, analysis and summarizes the bottleneck factor which restricts innovation entrepreneurship and employment guide in Yunnan. This text according to compared to creation and innovation of college students and mental health in different schools, finally put on improve countermeasures of innovation entrepreneurship curriculum and employment guidance, enhancing Higher Vocational College Students' comprehensive quality and employment core competitiveness provides practical experience.Methods This text use epidemiological field research method. By reports and questionnaires, collected employment guidance work, innovation entrepreneurship, employment of college students mental health in Yunnan province traffic occupation technical school, Yunnan province energy information school, Yunnan province science and technology school, Yunnan province land and resources school and so on. The text use literature material method, summarize experience method, comparative research method and action research method.Results College Students' self innovation consciousness and innovation ability score overall distribute in6.10±1.834. There is significant difference between the four schools score results (F=7.725. P<0.001), so that four college students self-the overall distribution on self innovation consciousness and innovation ability is different. In daily life, the creative ability and the most important influence factors.31.7%of the respondents think school activities impact is more important,31.2%of the respondents think that personal factors are more important,27.4%of respondents believe that family education is more important, with8.2%and1.3%of respondents believe that classroom teaching and innate factors is more important. Secondly,51.6%of the respondents think that lack of funds is the main obstacle to innovation of college students;17%of the respondents think that the lack of atmosphere;7.8%of respondents believe that the lack of innovation practice.Universities often organize activities for training students' innovative consciousness and ability,63.5%of the respondents think that the colleges and universities have occasionally carry out related activities,20.8%of the respondents think that the university never to carry out related activities and training.Students independent venture concept:52.7%of the respondents think that business is to create a career;18.5%of the respondents think that business is to start a business (or a company);15%of respondents believe that entrepreneurship is a frontier science and technology development.2177respondents of the2556respondents (about85.2%) will be considered to do pioneering work independently.379respondents (about14.8%) will not be considered independent venture. The main obstacle of student independent venture is the lack of funds, no good entrepreneurial orientation, lack of experience and lack of social relations.56.2%of respondents believed that main obstacle is lack of funds;30.7%of respondents believed that main obstacle is lack of experience.In view of college students start their own businesses, various colleges and universities opened pioneering education courses (elective or required), mainly to carry out venture design competition etc.52.7%of the respondents participated in entrepreneurship education courses;40.8%of the respondents participated in a venture design competition. Colleges and universities in stimulating student's independent venture:60.5%of the respondents think that universities should provide a venue and experimental equipment;23.9%of the respondents think that the school should provide matching funds;11.3%of the respondents believe that pioneering education courses should be incorporated into the compulsory curriculum. In college students pioneering education courses content:27.6%of the respondents think that should be focused on interpersonal and communication skills;24.6%of the respondents think should focus on marketing;23.8%of the respondents believed that should focus on starting practical activities related their own business;14.4%of the respondents think should be individualized counseling. At the same time, the government has implemented a number of preferential policies university students' innovative undertaking, familiar with only73people (2.9%);964people understand some of the policies (37.7%);1308people have heard but do not know what it is(51.2%).On the employment guidance in university curricula:58.2%university has set up the courses/lectures;20%university don't offer;21.2%college students have not heard employment guidance courses/lectures. At the same time,51.1%university think that employment guidance have a certain role in general;20.5%university think the courses play an important role to his successful;15.1%people are not clear;12.9%think the courses does not have too big effect. The employment information of college student's access:55.6%students think their information come from the school's employment guidance courses;46.4%students think their information come from the website;50.6%information sources come from family, friends.Self-rating anxiety results, College Students' psychological tests, showed that:the boys have surveyed at1430people, and the average score is43.88±10.43; the girls have surveyed at1093people, and he average score is44.12±8.70. Self-rating depression results showed that:2523students mean value is39.31±8.54; Standard score is49.13±10.68. Among them,1430people surveyed are boys, the boys average score is49±11.25;1093people surveyed are girls, the girls average score is49.29±9.87. In SCL-90symptom Checklist-test, psychological problem detection rate was33.57%, slightly higher than the national norm. The boy is32.773%, female is34.77%, and male or female student's psychological problems rate have no statistically significant difference.Logistic regression analysis of SCL-90symptom Checklist-test showed that the factors associated with major is grade and father's education level. The majority of students on higher grade SCL-90symptoms self rating scale in patients with positive numbers, father of higher education level SCL-90SCL-90results positive patients less.Different SCL-90negative and positive on College Students' innovation consciousness and innovation ability of the main influence factors, mental factors, choose to do pioneering work independently, the cause of independent business policy understanding are different (P<0.05). Independent venture entrepreneurs need have certain abilities, different SCL-90negative and positive college students for their own businesses should have different strong entrepreneurial desire and spirit of challenge and management and leadership abilities (P<0.05). University Culture University Innovation Consciousness and innovation ability of the specific activities, different SCL-90negative and positive college students in entrepreneurial success or entrepreneurial awareness often invites experts to lecture, opened pioneering education elective or required course, and organize business competition has statistically significant difference (P<0.05). While on entrepreneurship choice, independent venture concept understanding, training measures of understanding the situation is basic and same (P>0.05).Self rating Anxiety Scale for college students' anxiety test show: there is no anxiety disorder students'innovation consciousness and innovation ability of mental factors, the lack of factors, own pioneering choice, choose to do pioneering work independently, the reason of cultivation measures to understand the situation, to different specific measures on innovation and Entrepreneurship (P<0.05). In the establishment of career guidance institutions to provide services, entrepreneurial practice base construction and business competition is also held there was statistically significant difference (P<0.05), no anxiety disorder of students in the above aspects are better than with anxiety disorder students. There is no anxiety disorder of students innovation ability the main influence factors, the understanding of the concept of entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship policy understanding, independent entrepreneurs should possess excellent communication ability, basically the same (P>0.05).Depression self-rating scale for depression among college students tested showed:there are no depressive disorder students' innovation consciousness and innovation ability of mental factors, innovation consciousness and innovation ability of the lack of factors, to the independent undertaking in select cases, to the independent undertaking concept understanding, give aid to the country students independent venture policy understanding, on the independent undertaking should be strong professional knowledge and skills, the situation of cultivation measures how different (P<0.05). On the specific measures of comparison, in the construction of practice base and holding venture competition also has significant difference (P<0.001), no depression of the students in both aspects are better than with depressive disorder students. There is no depressive disorder students'innovation consciousness and innovation ability of the main influence factors to choose to do pioneering work independently, the reason of the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05).Conclusion College students'innovative and undertaking education is still in the first stage, the university to carry out the creative education only stays in the business design competition level. This and the building of an innovation-oriented country, constructing the harmonious society, and promote Chinese characteristics socialistic modernization construction pace of departure from the new situation. This reveals, universities in cultivating students'innovative entrepreneurial efforts is low. because of college students'innovation ability the raise consciousness, which leads to the college students'innovation ability weak. At the same time, the lack of funds, and the innovation of the professional teachers scarce, college students'innovation ability training mode is not sound, and other factors.Universities employment instruction model has basically formed, main is to promote employment policy and employment information. For the present employment situation, guiding the work can not meet the needs of the college students. The main problems of the:content is too one fold, the instruction method on not new, can't stimulate students' interest in study. Employment guidance work lacks consistency, and guide the object basically is the fresh graduates, existence employment guidance object narrow the erroneous zone. At the same time, the employment guidance of the workers of the professional knowledge and ability to be improved.College students' psychological health with the rise of grade, university students' psychological anxiety, depression declined year by year. This kind of anxiety, depression is a major life can't adapt to the environment and cause. For the life of the poor ability of new students, it can't adapt themselves to the independent living environment, easy to produce anxiety, depression mood. At the same time, the students whose families are financially difficult mental health level of students is significantly lower than the economy. This requires increasing university freshman, psychological health attention, especially in the new poor students.Face the increasingly severe employment situation, countries have issued a series of promoting college students'employment policy, among them, the college students' innovative and undertaking education is to improve the employment of the important growth point. Universities should with the development of times, with the policy guidance actively carry out innovation course, create entrepreneurship practice platform, this paper discusses the innovation education mode. Second, improve employment guidance education practicality. Through the rich content of course, change the way to teach, and improve the ability to perfect the employment education workers. At the same time, college students as a growing number of individuals, their psychological have not fully mature, very vulnerable to outside bad influences. With the rapid development of social economy. the increasing pressure for employment and other social factors leading to psychological health problems of college students are significantly increased, the psychological health education will be as employment guidance curriculum important content is very urgent. At the same time, establish and improve the psychological consultation institutions, attach importance to involve in the psychological consultation work for personnel training, give the job to support, in order to make the psychological consultation institutions to protect and promote the real purpose of university students'psychological health. |
PDF Full Text Request