The Historical Choice Of Catching-up Development Path Of Higher Education In China(1952-1958)

The history of the development of higher education in China is a piece of history of catching up. In the early founding of New China, facing latecomer disadvantage situation, the choice of higher education is to catch up in a unique development path. There were many reasons for selecting this path, such as civil unrest, complicating international relations, economic undone, recognition of the Soviet ideology and also it was the inevitable choice for Developing Countries' modernization. Learning the development of higher education of the early three years and the reception and revamping of old higher education, will do some help to understand the choice of catching-up development path.It contains two phases of the formation of the catch-up development path of higher education from 1952 to 1958.The first phase was comprehensive study of the Soviet model, with a preliminary exploration of the catching-up development path, carried out the huge adjustment of departments in 1952 and the corresponding adjustment of teaching reform and administrative reform; Following phase was the abandon of the Soviet model in 1956 and the self-explore the adaptable development model, established higher education catching-up development path. The main performance included the decentralization of the education management authority, strengthened the party's leadership over education, Educational Revolution in 1958, and the rise of part-time university and amateur college, in which the Jiangxi Communist Labor University was the typical demonstration.Catching-up development path of China's higher education has a deep-rooted influence for later choice, it is difficult to change the path once it is chosen. Its outstanding characteristics of this path are: emphasize high goals, pursuit high-speed, unified government management, campaign-style governance, unbalanced development strategy, these features still frequently manifested through a variety of stories. This path made immeasurable achievements for China's higher education, while it also brought negative prices which are difficult to erase till now. And China's higher education switched from the "blocking" of international contact and explored the closed development roads in 1979,the midpoint, to "into" the international arena of higher education, is now facing new opportunities and challenges.