Design Of Instructional Activity Of Primary School Maker Education Based On Design Thinking

With the rapid development of open-source hardware platforms and technology,Maker Education has received much attention in the primary education.However,in the existing teaching practice,students' works are single and lack of features.This is because the current teaching practice has the following problems: students are accustomed to following the teacher's steps and imitating the works,the whole process emphasizes “making”;the result-oriented instructional design limits the creative ideas of learners and reduces the richness of the teaching process;it also pays too much attention to the technology.Most of the maker education is only to provide students with the opportunity to broaden their horizons and improve hands-on ability,there is still a certain gap with the goal of improving students' creativity,innovation ability and innovative thinking.So,this study attempts to analyze the causes of the problems in the Maker Education:teacher's lack of ways to develop students' creativity,and the current teaching model does not provide support for teachers.Secondly,it analyzes the effect of design thinking in the maker education and integrates the design thinking.It extracts the design principles of primary school maker education: based on the real problem,human-centered design,focus on the iterative loop of the process,methodological acquisition and shaping of thinking,attention to interdisciplinary teamwork,and creation of an open environment.Then,the five design elements of primary school maker education based on design thinking are determined:guiding innovative design with the multi-dimensional teaching objective,inducing innovation design with the practical theme,strengthening innovative design with the iterative teaching process,the open environment and resources of innovative design,and the diversified evaluation of innovative design.Finally,the design framework of the primary school maker education teaching activity based on design thinking is constructed: preparation,problem identification,design,prototype,share and communicate.Each stage is elaborated to help teachers' teaching practice.Based on the actual needs of Q Primary School,this study developed relevant school-based curriculum and conducted a two-month teaching practice.Through classroom observation,design work,interview,the study evaluated teaching effect and drawn conclusion.Experiment shows that the maker education of primary school based on design thinking can remedy the lack of maker education,and it provides a guiding method for students to cultivate innovative thinking,it also helps teachers choose appropriate methods to cultivate students' innovative thinking.It can increase participation of students and improve problem-solving skills.Students have a stronger sense of responsibility in teamwork,and their ability to solve problems with technology is enhanced.Students' awareness of innovation is enhanced,students' works are more diverse,and students' self-confidence is also raised.