Research On Output Efficiency Of Universities Under Structural Contradiction

Higher education aims to cultivate high-level talents,develop technology,culture and boost the modernization of society.Since 1999,China enacted a variety of policies to promote the development of higher education;with increasing higher education resource input,the scale of universities expanded accordingly.However,higher education resources are scarce,and the continuous expansion of universities resources is not an effective way of sustainable development.The input-output efficiency of universities is not high,and the problem of regional development gaps still exists.Therefore,through the study of universities input and output efficiency,we can find the main problems in the universities resource allocation and utilization,and analyze the underlying causes of problems.This is helpful for promoting the internal development of higher education and improving the level of higher education in our country.Based on the statistics of 94 universities from 2015,this thesis uses the principal component analysis method to screen relevant indicators,and constructs a 94×3 dimension input and 94×4 dimension output index system.Through the DEA method,the input-output efficiency analysis of those 94 universities is evaluated from the perspective of technical efficiency,pure technical efficiency,scale efficiency and scale benefit.In addition,the Malmquist index was used to compare the trend of universities efficiency in the eastern,central and western regions from 2007 to 2015 and analyze reasons for different tendencies.The results of this study show that the comprehensive efficiency mean of the central affiliated universities is lower than that of local universities,and most of them are at the decreasing stage of the scale returns.Secondly,In most provinces higher education productivity was on the rise from 2007 to 2015,but the comprehensive efficiency change index and the technical progress index are different in the three regions,and technological advance constitutes the main reason for the increase of total productivity.Finally,on the base of the empirical analysis results,suggestions and measures are proposed from these aspects: integrating input resources,allocating resources more reasonably,setting the scope of university reasonablely,playing the guiding role of financial education expenditure,and strengthening the performance evaluation of education expenditure.